艾琳·贝利分解独特characteristics of ADD and ADHD to help you determine which of the two conditions you or your loved one is coping with.
Over the years, we have seen specials on television, read books and articles, all on Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity. More often than not, this information references a young boy, bouncing off walls and unable to contain his energy. There are, however, three distinct types of ADHD, according to the DSM-IV (Diagnostic Statistical Manual IV): Predominantly Hyperactive-Impulsive Type, Predominantly Inattentive Type and Combined Type. ADD, or ADD without hyperactivity is less well known, although no less difficult for those diagnosed with it.
ADD and ADHD share a number of symptoms. Both types of the disorder can create problems with forgetfulness and becoming easily distracted. Both types cause difficulties in school, in completing assignments and in paying attention. Individuals with both types often lose or misplace items and may have problems keeping track of time. Both may create low self-esteem issues.
There are, however, some distinct differences:Diagnosis
With ADHD, parents often seek medical help in early education, although it can be in the toddler years. ADHD is more recognizable once a child begins school, with behaviors such as disrupting the class, difficulty sitting still or getting out of their seat at inappropriate times. ADD is often undetected until later, possibly in middle school or high school. Children with ADD can be labeled as underachievers or severely shy. They can be seen as unmotivated in school. As they get older and must deal with more classes and moving in between classes, organization becomes a must. Children with ADD often have great difficulty with organization. Symptoms such as inattention show up in failing grades or forgetting homework assignments. Parents may be signaled by a continuation of issues that there is a problem.Consistency
虽然多动症通常是恒定的，注意力不集中并不总是一致。与多动的孩子似乎总是有无穷的能量，即使在睡觉。肺热可以很容易辨认。注意力不集中，然而，更难以诊断。一个孩子可以当一些拥有自己的兴趣关注。他们可以观看电视节目或玩视频游戏。他们可能能够参加体育运动或高刺激水平的其他活动，以保持他们的兴趣。当面对不持有他们的兴趣活动，如学习，他们可能无法集中精神，注意的时间较长的时间。他们可能变得容易或遐想不断分心。这种不一致是非常混乱的父母，谁可能不明白为什么自己的孩子能集中在一个瞬间，但不能下。
Social Interactions
For children or adults with ADHD, energy abounds. They can be socially outgoing and consistently attract people to them. But they also may have more difficulty creating emotional bonds. They may have many acquaintances, but few friends. People with ADD, on the other hand, find it easier to develop friendships, but seem to have more of a problem in attracting other people. They, therefore, might also have only a couple friends. Both ADD and ADHD can cause social difficulties because of the inability to follow conversations. They may miss parts of the discussion or forget what has been said.Energy Levels
对于那些患有多动症，能量水平一直很高。他们似乎从来坐不住了，可以讲个不停。换句话说经常被用来形容某人患有多动症将包括过度活跃，容易兴奋，多动。与ADD人们经常具有低能量水平。他们被看作是空想家，呆滞或昏昏欲睡。它们可以被认为是非常害羞。Treatment
Treatment for ADHD and ADD is the same. Both react well to traditional medications, Ritalin, Concerta, Adderall and Strattera. All of these medications help to decrease symptoms. In addition, behavior modification programs can be set up to target specific symptoms. These would be beneficial for both ADHD and ADD.
Sources
抚摩，玛格丽特（2006年）。多动症。检索2007年5月15日，从心理健康网站研究所：http://www.nimh.nih.gov/publicat/adhd.cfm