让我们来谈谈的迹象和骨质疏松症的症状

骨质疏松症是如同一个隐形的贼。它潜入你的骨头，没有太多的明显证据，抢劫他们自己的力量。有人可能看起来很好，即使是健康的，直到疾病进展。记住莎莉菲尔德在那些Boniva广告，年轻而充满活力的，因为她促进了骨质疏松症药物？这位女演员是她的60岁生日前不久诊断。那么，什么是骨质疏松症的征兆？下面就来看看。因为你诊断越早，越快，你可以得到正确的治疗，以加强和稳定你的骨头。

首先，到底什么是骨质疏松症一遍吗？

字骨质疏松症的分项数字：骨涉及到骨骼和porosistranslates to porous. Put it all together and you’ve gotporous bones。骨porosis当你的骨头失去它们的密度和强度，可能变得如此脆弱，脆弱，脆弱时发生的情况，他们打破（医学术语fracture) from very little pressure.

据估计，有1000万美国人患有骨质疏松症和另外44万人具有low bone density, which puts them at risk for getting the disease. If you’re doing the math, that means 54 million Americans ought to be thinking about their bone health, according to the National Osteoporosis Foundation (NOF).

The majority of your bone health is determined while you’re young. You reach your峰值骨量—that’s the strongest your bones are going to be—around age 30. Your peak bone mass is largely determined by your genetics, but other factors also affect how strong and healthy your bones will be:

• Diet（特别是一个是富含钙和维生素d）
• Exercise habits（负重练习构建骨）
• 其他生活方式的因素(not smoking, drinking heavily, etc.)

After you hit peak bone mass, you’ll continue to make new bone, and you’ll lose some mature bone (a.k.a.resorption of bone）。你的骨头都充满了细胞称为osteoblastsandosteoclasts, which boost bone formation and break down old bone respectively. With this on-going cycle of losing and gaining, your overall bone density should break even; it shouldn’t change much in the first two decades after you’ve hit peak bone mass.

当你到了中年，但特别是如果你是绝经后妇女中，你可能会开始失去骨快一点。如果骨质流失的速度超过在您做出新骨的速度，你有什么所谓骨骼脱钙, a loss of minerals that give bones their strength and stability. In MD speak, this is thepathophysiologic process导致骨质疏松症。咦？通俗地说：它是发展脆骨条件的完美风暴。

那么，什么是骨质疏松症的症状是什么？

骨质疏松症是一个非常狡猾的疾病，因为它是沉默。有没有早期症状。有些人可能会发现他们有它通过一个常规骨密度扫描，但大多数人不知道自己患有骨质疏松症，直到他们折断骨头。

Specific bone breaks are associated with the condition, and if you have one of these, it’s like a big, blinking sign for your doctor that you’re dealing with bone loss and possibly osteoporosis. The most common types of fractures with osteoporosis are:

脆性骨折

骨医生听到这一切的时候。“但我只是走，我怎么折断骨头？”答案是：你有一个易碎的骨头没有力量和灵活性左，它刚刚结束。这就是医生所说的fragility fracture—when your bone breaks from a standing height or less. If you stumble and fall (which we’ve all done before), healthy bones should be able to take the hit. But if you have osteoporosis, a bone is likely to break.

这里有斑点脆性骨折往往会发生：

• Wrist (most common), as you try to break your fall
• Spine
• Hip
• Ankle
• Shoulder

这些骨折的症状可能包括：

• 痛
• 肿胀
• Bruising

如果you experience any of these, get to the doctor for an X-ray.

脊柱压缩骨折

Those little bones in your vertebrae that make up your spine can fracture easily when they’re weakened, and when they do, it’s called aspinal compression fracture。This type of fracture is extremely common with osteoporosis (it happens every 22 seconds in men and women over 50 worldwide), and it doesn’t always result from a fall. Brittle vertebrae can crack from nothing more than sneezing, coughing, or even twisting the wrong way.

So, how would you know if have a spinal compression fracture? At first, you may not have any symptoms. But over time, you may experience aching in your lower back that gets worse when you stand up after you’ve been sitting or resting for a while. If this happens, call your doctor rather than suck it up. He can identify the issue using one of the following tools:

• X-ray
• MRI
• CT扫描
• 骨密度扫描

Over time, spinal fractures from osteoporosis can also cause other, more visible symptoms:

• 收缩：It’s normal to lose一些身高随着年龄的增长，得益于椎骨之间的盘不上不下，但萎缩超过一英寸能信号脊椎的骨质疏松症。两英寸或更多也可以与髋部骨折的发生高度丢失，在一项研究中Journal of Clinical Densitometry找到。
• Poor posture:如果断裂的骨头在您的脊柱上部，又名了胸椎, you can develop a hunched look as the spine starts to curve forward. Medically, this condition is calledkyphosis，但您可能会听到叫驼背，寡妇或太后的驼峰都非常联合国PC的方式来描述毁损情况。

是否有任何迹象表明我MightDevelop Osteoporosis?

虽然骨折是主要的症状,有年代ome signs you should be watched carefully, because they indicate you’re at greater risk for developing the condition. Keep in mind: These aren’t necessarily direct causes, but rather osteoporosis risk factors.

• You’ve been diagnosed with low bone density.The medical term is骨质疏松,你可以把它作为病例。如果you have osteopenia, your bone density is below average. Your bones are weaker and more likely to fracture than those of someone with normal bone density, but they aren’t quite as vulnerable someone with osteoporosis. By taking measures (lifestyle changes and in some cases, medication) to improve your bone density, or at least keep it stable, you can lower your risk of progressing to osteoporosis.

• You’re a woman.骨porosis does occur in men, but it’s far more common in women. Roughly 80 percent of the 10 million people with osteoporosis are females. A woman’s bones are thinner and smaller than a man’s, which means her peak bone mass is lower to start with. Women start losing bone mass earlier than men, and lose at a faster rate, according to a review in theJournal of Clinical Medicine Research。

• You’re very thin.作为一个身材娇小，瘦女人让你处于比其他妇女更高的风险，因为你的骨头较薄为好。所以，当你开始随着年龄的增长失去骨量自然也有少从服用。体重超过127lbs小于或具有BMI大于21降低似乎增加你的风险。超重没有帮助的。肥胖可能导致的疾病和病症，如糖尿病，这可能加速的骨损失。

• You’re postmenopausal.雌激素和骨质疏松症是紧密联系在一起的。雌激素的损失，这给你所有那些可爱的更年期症状（啊，潮热！），还可以导致骨质密度的损失。女性的性激素被认为是帮助促进osteoblasts，是负责骨骼生长的细胞。当你过了更年期，你的雌激素水平退潮，所以做那些骨升压单元，让你容易受到绝经后骨质疏松。一个女人失去了她的骨头的20％在绝经后的第一个五年到七年，有研究表明。

• You have a genetic predisposition to weak bones.低骨量和骨质疏松症往往在家庭中运行。此外，那些在北欧和亚洲根源往往携带比其他种族的危险更高。非裔美国人有骨质疏松症的较低的利率和更高的峰值骨量。

• 你酗酒或吸烟。Another reason to temper your tippling and stub out the butts: Cigarette smoking and heavy chronic drinking can affect healthy bone development and accelerate bone loss.

• You’ve had (or have) an eating disorder.营养不良，低身体发胖，而你的月经周期的损失是饮食障碍如神经性厌食症或暴食症的所有副作用。如果从一个，而你年轻的遭遇，你的骨头可能没有达到充分的骨量的潜力。与饮食失调作为一个大成人挣扎可能会加速骨质流失和缓慢的骨骼生长。

• You have an underlying condition.你可以开发骨萎缩或骨质流失，从用来对待他们其他疾病或药物。这就是所谓的secondary osteoporosis。

  链接到继发性骨质疏松的疾病包括：

  • betway.com betway体育
  • Celiac disease
  • Cushing’s disease
  • Diabetes
  • 甲状腺疾病

  Medications that may lead to bone loss include:

  • 化疗
  • 皮质类固醇
  • Lithium
  • Barbiturates
  • 含铝抗酸药

我该怎么办，如果我有骨质疏松症的征兆？

第一步是到您的初级保健医生的访问。如果你有一个破裂的症状，你的医生会为了X射线，CT扫描，或MRI检查，以确认是否确实正在处理一个突破。

在这一点上，你很可能会被称为医生谁擅长的骨头，如骨科医生。骨质疏松性骨折通常是在区域，你可以不完全施展，像脊椎或背部。相反，他们通常需要：

• Rest
• 止痛药
• 偶尔一个括号（脊柱的情况下）
• Surgery, in some cases, such as a hip replacement

Once your fracture is addressed, your doctor will likely treat your osteoporosis to prevent another fracture—a common occurrence. Research in the journal骨把重复骨折的风险为86％。你应该看到这类型的医生？虽然没有在骨质疏松症无奇的专家，几种类型的医生治疗的条件。它们包括：

• Orthopedists
• Endocrinologists
• Physiatrists
• Gynecologists
• 老年医学医生

A fragility fracture alone is enough for an osteoporosis diagnosis, even without a bone density scan, or a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (known asDXAorDEXA扫描）。但是，你的医生可能会订购一个看你的骨质流失的程度。

如果你从未有过骨折，您可以通过常规的得到你的骨质疏松症诊断骨质密度扫描从您的初级保健医生或妇科医生。通过更年期后不久，一个女人可能会得到一个，特别是如果她有其他危险因素，但一般建议65岁。对于男人来说，常规扫描围绕70年代给出。

想想一个骨密度扫描作为骨质疏松症的X射线的：随着辐射水平低，它可以测量的钙和其他矿物质如何出现在你的骨头，一个你的骨头有多弱或多强的迹象。骨质疏松症的测试给你一个T-得分，这措施到底有多少骨密度你相比，30岁的峰值骨量。

• A score of -2.5 or below means osteoporosis.
• -1.0 -2.4是骨质疏松。

How Is Osteoporosis Treated?

一旦你有你的骨质疏松症的测试结果，你的医生可以推荐治疗，以加强或稳定你的骨骼密度，防止未来的骨折。许多药物，口服药物，注射剂，和IV输注-可以减缓骨质流失，促进新骨生长，或两者。最流行的类osteoporosis drugs包括：

• Bisphosphonates:Drugs that slow bone loss, such as Binosto and Fosamax (Alendronate)
• RANKL Inhibitors:Injections that block osteoclasts, the cells that break down bone, such as Prolia and Xgeva (Denosumab)
• 蛋白同化制剂：注射，在严重的情况下鼓励新骨生长，如Evenity（Romosozumab-aqqg）和Forteo的（特立帕肽）

What’s the Prognosis If I Have Prognosis?

骨健康的生活方式的改变和药物治疗，患有骨质疏松症通常做就好了。骨质疏松症的药物不一定是一生的承诺。您将有一个重复的骨密度在两年左右的扫描来跟踪你的进度。

如果your bone density has improved or remained stable, you may be able to take a drug holiday from your meds. And injectables that build bone can only be used for one to two years, depending on the drug, due to their potential side effects.

The goal to prevent progressing to a more severe state of osteoporosis and suffering multiple fractures. If you’re holding steady, consider yourself a success story: Your doctor will!