Lisa Nelson RD #2:For women the signs of a heart attack are more subtle. What should women watch for? If everyone responded to every arm/jaw/chest/indigestion/feeling "not quite right" symptom, they'd never leave the ER
Dr. Shelby-Lane:女性心脏经常被误诊。
True or false: Every year, more women die of heart disease than men.
答案是正确的，但如果你不知道，你不是唯一的一个。在通过预防心脏病洛瑞莫斯卡导致500名医生的一项调查显示，医学博士，博士，不到20％知道答案。
When it comes to women and心脏病, ignorance can be deadly. The misconception that heart disease is a "man's disease" is the main reason women are misdiagnosed, or receive delayed treatment, when experiencing symptoms of heart disease and even aheart attack.
Consider these findings:
在康奈尔大学/纽约长老会医院Weill医学院的一项最新研究，230名医生给予男女假设情况与心脏疾病的相同症状。案例研究的一半纳入报告说，患者最近有压力的经验或感到焦虑。当包括这个细节，医生56％的男士与女性只有18％相比，诊断心脏疾病。
They referred men to cardiologists twice as often as women, and prescribed cardiacmedicationsto almost half of the men, versus a paltry 13 percent of the women. Researchers concluded that in the presence of stress or anxiety, symptoms such as chest pain and shortness of breath were more likely to be attributed to anxiety in women but seen as potential signs of heart disease in men.
另一项研究在波士顿塔夫茨医学中心found that among people who called 911 complaining of cardiacsymptoms，妇女52％更有可能比紧急医疗服务保健，可能出现严重的差异，因为在1〜2小时的攻击开始的内给出一个心脏发作的治疗通常是最有效的在男人遇到延迟。
"We often hear women patients say that their complaints were dismissed or that they were 'blown off' by their doctors when they presented with heart disease symptoms," says Lori Mosca, M.D., Ph.D., director of preventive cardiology at New York-Presbyterian Hospital and professor of medicine at Columbia University Medical Center. "Studies show that there is a gender bias out there that women need to be aware of. Our own research has shown that physicians are likely to label a woman at lower risk for heart disease than a man who has the exact same calculated level of heart disease risk."
所以你怎么能保护自己呢？莫斯卡博士提供了以下建议：
了解你的心脏疾病，风险如您的腰围尺寸，吸烟和锻炼习惯，血压和胆固醇水平。If you smoke, quit. Talk to your doctor about diet and exercise changes you can make to lower your risks, and, if appropriate, medications that might help you. Try this quick test at home: Wrap a tape measure around your waist right at the level of your belly button (don't suck in your stomach). If your waistline measures 35 inches or more, you are more likely to have high cholesterol, high blood pressure, pre-diabetes and an increased risk of dying of heart disease than a woman with a normal waist size.
Knowing your family's history of heart disease is important because if you have a close relative with heart disease or diabetes, you are at higher risk for these conditions, too.
Even if you don't have symptoms of heart disease, having a strong family history - particularly if a parent died at a young age of a heart attack - may be enough reason to be checked early to catch problems that may not yet be causing symptoms. In 40 percent of people that develop heart disease, sudden death is the first symptom.
Learn the unique symptoms of heart disease in women.
胸痛是在男性和女性的心脏问题最常见的症状，但女性更可能多也经历细微症状，如头痛，恶心，胃部不适，下颌或颈部疼痛，气短和疲劳推广。
Get help immediately. "Research shows that women tend to call for help later than men do, possibly because they don't recognize these atypical symptoms as signaling heart troubles, or possibly because their tolerance for pain is greater," says Dr. Mosca. If you have symptoms and think you might be having a heart attack or stroke, don't delay; call 911.
Have a checkup annually. Report any suspicious symptoms and don't let your doctor dismiss your concerns. If you have two or more risk factors and you are over the age of 50, a stress test can give more clues to your heart health. If the stress test shows signs of potential heart problems, further tests can be ordered.
Get a second opinion. If you feel your doctor is not taking your concerns seriously don't hesitate to find a new doctor.
Lisa Nelson RD:Okay, this was a fantastic answer and I appreciate the detail, but I want to clarify. Are you saying if a woman experiences chest pain和an additional symptom, such as headache, nausea, or shortness of breath they should contact their MD immediately; but if it's just shortness of breath by itself or just neck pain, not such a concern, monitor and watch for any changes. Is that correct?
Dr. Shelby-Lane:If a woman experiences chest pain along with symptoms such as on-going headaches, nausea, fatigue, and shortness of breath, they should contact their doctor immediately and/or go to the emergency room, especially if these symptoms are of sudden onset. Symptoms such as shortness of breath, fatigue and neck pain may also be subtle indicators of heart disease and most women may dismiss these symptoms and never mention them to their doctor, thereby, missing the opportunity to diagnose an underlying heart problem.
To learn more about Dr. Cynthia Shelby-Lane, you can check out the services she offers at www.elanantiaging.meta-ehealth.com.
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