关于牛皮癣的神话和事实

For some people, psoriasis is mainly a skin condition—for instance, a patient who has a few plaques on their elbows and nothing else. But in many other cases, people with psoriasis have additional symptoms, like plaques on their scalp and pitted nails. They may also have psoriatic arthritis or other correlated conditions like cardiovascular disease, says board-certified dermatologist Todd Minars, M.D. owner of Minars Dermatology in Hollywood, FL. “A lot of other concerns can accompany psoriasis and that makes it tricky to limit it with a label as finite as ‘only’ a skin condition,” adds Dr. Minars.

牛皮癣被描述为一种免疫介导的疾病，目前尚不清楚确切原因是什么。但是，专家们认为，它的特征是由于人的免疫系统失衡而导致的全身性炎症。“许多患者具有潜在的遗传易感性，然后环境加剧，”加利福尼亚州Mission Viejo的Providence Mission Hospital的董事会认证的皮肤科医生Brian Toy解释说。Toy补充说，压力，天气，感染和药物会使牛皮癣的症状恶化。

The most common type of psoriasis is plaque psoriasis, which affects up to 80% of people with the disease, per the国家牛皮癣基金会(NPF). Plaque psoriasis, which commonly appears on the scalp, knees, elbows, and lower back, manifests as raised scaly patches of skin. Four other types of psoriasis include guttate psoriasis (small, round spots), inverse psoriasis (inflamed skin that is smooth and not scaly), pustular psoriasis (pus-filled, painful bumps), and erythrodermic psoriasis (a rare, potentially life-threatening form that causes the skin to shed in large sheets).

每个患有牛皮癣的人都以独特的方式体验到它。有些人可能只有头皮上，而另一些人则有斑块覆盖了他们的大部分身体。多达三分之二的牛皮癣患者在某个时候患有生殖器牛皮癣，其中包括内部和上大腿和腹股沟的斑块或鳞片。NPF说，牛皮癣也可以出现在脸上（包括眉毛，上额，鼻子和上唇之间），手，脚和指甲以及手臂和乳房下方的皮肤折叠。

关于这种疾病的最有害故事之一也是绝对不正确的。牛皮癣并不像您的孩子在学校里出现的皮疹，可以传播给别人。“牛皮癣不是传染性的，但公众可能不会意识到这种疾病不能从一个人传给另一个人，” Toy博士说。他补充说，银屑病疾病的社会污名可能非常孤立。“牛皮癣的患者通常会很尴尬地在海滩或游泳池上脱衣服，穿短袖衬衫或短裤可能是有问题的。”对于那些对牛皮癣的误解而言，约会和亲密关系也是一个挑战。

People with psoriasis are more likely to be depressed and experience severe mental disorders. One病例控制的研究报道说，有84％的牛皮癣患者患有精神病，并且other research在两种疾病中，两种疾病，包括牛皮癣和抑郁症患者中的维生素D3和褪黑激素水平的水平较低，发现了许多重叠。此外，一些与牛皮癣相关的神话，例如认为它具有传染性或感染性的信念会导致孤立和低自尊的感觉，这些感觉会引起牛皮癣患者的抑郁症。

牛皮癣有几种有效的治疗选择，尽管它可能涉及一些试验元素以找到合适的方法，但大多数患有这种疾病的人最终都会找到适合他们的疗法。Toy博士说，成功率通常取决于症状严重程度。轻度牛皮癣可以通过局部药物（例如类固醇霜和软膏）有效治疗，而更严重的疾病将需要全身药物，例如药丸或摄影。Toy补充说：“光疗也可以非常有效，生物药物的免疫疗法是一种令人兴奋的新领域，它极大地改变了我们治疗中度至严重的牛皮癣的方式。”

Scientists are still trying to find one and done way to squash this disease for good, but it’s important not to let that get you down if you or your loved one is battling with the condition. Dr. Fromowitz points out that there has been an incredible revolution in psoriasis treatments since the first FDA-approved biologic medication more than 15 years ago. “Since then, innovations have emerged rapidly, and our results have become truly incredible with some injectable medications clearing a person’s skin completely of all evidence of the condition,” he says.

任何说您的牛皮癣的人都是“只是干燥的皮肤”，从来没有感觉到原始，发痒的斑块和皮肤炎症的痛苦。在牛皮癣的人中，皮肤更新（当死皮细胞被脱落并用较年轻的细胞代替时）从每28天降至每四天。这样可以防止皮肤细胞成熟，并导致酸度，开裂和出血。在严重的情况下，牛皮癣可以进行日常活动，例如坐下或使用厕所非常痛苦。永远不要让别人告诉你这是“只是”牛皮癣。与您的医生谈谈正在发生的事情，您可以找到一个有帮助的治疗计划。